Evolução da investigação

A investigação sobre a imunoterapia contra o cancro está a evoluir para estratégias mais dirigidas

As descobertas na investigação da via imunitária ajudaram a refinar as estratégias de imunoterapia contra o cancro no sentido de as tornar mais dirigidas.^1,2

A história da investigação da imunidade contra o cancro^1-7

Explorando uma abordagem mais personalizada na investigação da imunoterapia do cancro

Com a evolução para estratégias mais dirigidas, a investigação foca-se na identificação de fatores preditivos da resposta imunitária individual através de características tumorais específicas e fatores no microambiente tumoral, tais como

A presença de células imunitárias infiltradas no tumor⁸
- A capacidade das células imunitárias infiltrarem o microambiente tumoral pode constituir um critério chave para uma diversidade de estratégias dirigidas ao sistema imunitário e pode indicar quais os tumores com maior probabilidade de resposta
Os padrões de expressão dos genes nos tumores, particularmente os envolvidos na resposta imunitária⁹
Expressão de proteínas na superfície celular
- expressão de PD-L1 nas células tumorais e nas células imunitárias que infiltram o tumor^10,11
- expressão de MUC1 nas células tumorais¹²

Referências

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National Institutes of Health ClinicalTrials.gov. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00739609. Accessed March 4, 2015.
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National Institutes of Health ClinicalTrials.gov. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01303705. Accessed March 4, 2015.
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